What is EMDR and how can it help?

Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) is an evidence-based psychological therapy originally developed for the treatment of trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is based on the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model, which proposes that psychological distress arises when distressing experiences are inadequately processed and stored in memory in a fragmented or maladaptive form. These unprocessed memories can continue to be triggered in the present, leading to intrusive thoughts, heightened emotional responses, and persistent patterns of distress.

EMDR therapy involves identifying distressing memories and associated thoughts, emotions, and bodily sensations, while simultaneously engaging in bilateral stimulation, such as guided eye movements, alternating sounds, or tactile stimulation. This process is thought to facilitate the reprocessing of traumatic material, allowing memories to be integrated in a more adaptive and less distressing way. Unlike some other therapies, EMDR does not require detailed verbal recounting of the traumatic event, which can be particularly helpful for individuals who find direct exposure overwhelming.